Passive cooling typically requires very little energy, or none at all. It relies on structural and natural measures to prevent heat build-up or to dissipate excess heat. This can include insulation or greening the roof or façade. Effective ventilation at night or in the early morning, along with additional shading from shutters, blinds, or awnings, can also help regulate indoor temperatures and block out heat. 

Active cooling complements passive methods by using technical systems where structural solutions alone aren’t sufficient, or where a higher level of comfort is needed. Fast, direct cooling is possible even during extreme heat and can operate automatically or at the touch of a button. Options include air conditioners, ventilation systems with cooling functions, and reversible heat pumps. 

Yes. Combining passive and active cooling, such as a ventilation unit with an integrated cooling function, is considered especially effective and is now common in both renovation and new build projects. It’s important that these systems work together efficiently to ensure the cooling process is cost-effective, energy-efficient, and environmentally responsible. 

Radiant ceiling panels are a highly effective cooling solution, especially when used with a heat pump. The water inside the panels absorbs heat, which is then transferred out via the heat pump. This system provides consistent indoor comfort through radiant cooling and heating, without creating unpleasant draughts. Because they cover large areas, radiant ceiling panels are efficient for both summer cooling and winter heating.